融合前沿研究的液体电介质击穿教学研究

针对《高电压与绝缘技术》课程中液体电介质的教学难点，提出了融合前沿研究的液体电介质击穿教学方法。基于前沿的液体放电应用背景与先进的液体放电研究平台，形象地展示液体电介质的动态击穿过程，在教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等方面进行科教融合改进，实施“以学生为中心”理念的课程教学设计。该教学方式取得了较好的教学效果，能够为其它知识点的教学质量提升提供参考。     

The isothermal reduction kinetics of chromium-bearing vanadium–titanium magnetite sinter

The reduction of chromium-bearing vanadium–titanium magnetite sinter (CVTMS) by CO was investigated at 1123–1223?K. The reduction degree increased with increasing temperature. The isothermal reduction kinetics of CVTMS was analysed, according to Sharp analysis and ln–ln analysis, the kinetic mechanism of reduction process for all samples in different basicity can be represented as f(α)?=?1.61(1?α)[?ln(1?α)]^1–1/1.61. The reaction activation energy of all samples (R?=?1.9, 2.1, 2.3, obtained according to the components of the materials burdening used in sintering process) at different reaction degrees were calculated by the model-free method. And the pre-exponential factors of reaction also were calculated by the mathematical method. The rate controlling step for the reduction process under the present reduction condition was chemical reaction.     

高供氧压力下高马赫数氧枪数值模拟

  以北方某钢厂100 t转炉为原型，建立顶吹转炉炉内流场的三维数学模型，采用Fluent软件研究了不同高马赫数氧气射流与熔池钢液速度流场分布之间的依赖关系。研究发现，高马赫数氧枪在Ma（马赫数）为2.0～2.3时，曲线平稳，为最佳供氧压力。在提高供氧压力的同时，氧气射流的最大速度、熔池钢液面的冲击直径及冲击深度也随之增加。模拟结果显示，氧气射流在设计工况氧压小于1.0 MPa时，射流之间相互干扰作用最弱；氧气射流在设计工况氧压力大于1.0 MPa后，冲击直径与冲击深度增幅较小。基于上述研究，在实际生产中应用了高马赫数氧枪后，并结合变枪变压操作工艺，可以改善熔池底部钢液流动状况、稳定转炉吹炼过程、控制炉渣喷溅。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定薏苡仁药材中黄曲霉毒素

目的建立高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(high performance liquid chromatography-masss pectrometer,HPLC-MS)测定薏苡仁中药饮片中黄曲霉毒素B_1、B_2、G_1、G_2的方法,并对比不同产地薏苡仁中黄曲霉毒素含量。方法样品经过免疫亲合柱处理后,采用HPLC-MS进行测定。分析柱为C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8μm),流动相为10 mmol/L醋酸铵溶液-甲醇溶液,梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,柱温为25℃。结果黄曲霉毒素B_1在0.26～10.4ng/mL浓度范围内与峰面积值均呈现良好的线性关系(r~2=0.9995),平均加样回收率为75.4%～123.9%,黄曲霉毒素B2在0.0875～3.5 ng/mL浓度范围内与峰面积值均呈现良好的线性关系(r~2=0.9996),平均加样回收率为71.1%～124.2%,黄曲霉毒素G_1在0.295～11.89 ng/mL浓度范围内与峰面积值均呈现良好的线性关系(r~2=0.9995),平均加样回收率为78.9%～112.2%,黄曲霉毒素G2在0.1475～5.9 ng/mL浓度范围内与峰面积值均呈现良好的线性关系(r~2=0.9992),平均加样回收率为73.8%～123.9%。结论该方法准确、可靠、专属性强,通过精确化合物离子监测,可准确的测定薏苡仁中黄曲霉毒素含量。     

面向数据流结构的指令映射优化方法

在高性能计算领域,数据流是一类重要的计算结构,也在很多实际场景表现出很好的性能和适用性。在数据流计算模式中,程序是以数据流图来表示的,数据流计算中一个关键的问题是如何将数据流图映射到多个执行单元上。通过分析现有数据流结构的指令映射方法及其不足,提出了基于数据流结构的新型指令映射优化方法。主要是根据多地址共享数据包的特性对指令映射方法进行优化,延迟多地址共享数据路由包的拆分,减少网络拥堵。     

Field‐based robotic phenotyping of sorghum plant architecture using stereo vision

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is known as a major feedstock for biofuel production. To improve its biomass yield through genetic research, manually measuring yield component traits (e.g. plant height, stem diameter, leaf angle, leaf area, leaf number, and panicle size) in the field is the current best practice. However, such laborious and time‐consuming tasks have become a bottleneck limiting experiment scale and data acquisition frequency. This paper presents a high‐throughput field‐based robotic phenotyping system which performed side‐view stereo imaging for dense sorghum plants with a wide range of plant heights throughout the growing season. Our study demonstrated the suitability of stereo vision for field‐based three‐dimensional plant phenotyping when recent advances in stereo matching algorithms were incorporated. A robust data processing pipeline was developed to quantify the variations or morphological traits in plant architecture, which included plot‐based plant height, plot‐based plant width, convex hull volume, plant surface area, and stem diameter (semiautomated). These image‐derived measurements were highly repeatable and showed high correlations with the in‐field manual measurements. Meanwhile, manually collecting the same traits required a large amount of manpower and time compared to the robotic system. The results demonstrated that the proposed system could be a promising tool for large‐scale field‐based high‐throughput plant phenotyping of bioenergy crops.     

地下水穿透情形下玻璃固化体的蚀变研究

玻璃固化体在高放废物处置库中的长期处置行为，是处置库安全评价的关键环节之一。本研究模拟极端情形下，地下水穿透包装容器与固化体接触后，固化体中元素的浸出和蚀变行为。结果表明，地下水与固化体接触后，各元素的浸出浓度迅速增大，在200 d后逐渐下降并趋于稳定；温度对固化体中不同元素浸出速率的影响不同，B和Si的浸出速率随温度的增加而增大，U和Re的浸出速率随温度的降低而增大；固化体蚀变程度随温度的升高而加重，但其蚀变层的形成会阻滞元素在其中的扩散，客观上降低了固化体蚀变速率；富Si处置环境有利于抑制固化体中元素的浸出。     

Experimental study on flame spread along fuel cylinders in high pressures

Flame spread over solid fuels in high‐pressure situations, such as nuclear containment shells during a pressurized period, has potential to result in catastrophic disaster, thus requiring further knowledge. This paper experimentally reveals the flame spread behaviors over fuel cylinders in high pressures. Polyethylene and polymethyl‐methacrylate cylinders with the diameter of 4.0 mm are used in this study. Ambient gas is air, and total pressures are varied from naturally normal pressure (100 kPa) to elevated pressure (500 kPa). Flame characteristics including flame appearance and flame size and burning rate and flame spread rate are investigated. Results show that in high pressure, the flame appearance is significantly affected. As the pressure increases, the blue flame disappeared, and the color of flame tip changes from luminous yellow to orange as well the orange part extends down towards the base of flame. The dimensionless flame height increases with pressure for pressure below 150 kPa and then decreases with pressure above that level. The burning rates show increasing trend with pressure and are proportional to P^0.6 and P^0.79 for polymethyl‐methacrylate and polyethylene, respectively. Besides, flame spread rates for polymethyl‐methacrylate and polyethylene both were found to be proportional to P^0.5.     

Effects of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics in oil-impregnated pressboard insulation under combined AC–DC voltage

Due to the complexity of the valve side winding voltage of the converter transformer, the insulation characteristics of the oil-impregnated pressboard (OIP) of the converter transformer are different from those of the traditional AC transformer. The study on effect of temperature on the creeping discharge characteristics of OIP under combined AC–DC voltage is seriously inadequate. Therefore, this paper investigates the characteristics of OIP creepage discharge under combined AC–DC voltage and discusses the influence of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics under different temperatures from 70°C to 110 °C. The experimental results show that the partial discharge inception voltage and flashover voltage decrease with increasing temperature. The times of low amplitude discharge (LAD) decrease and amplitude of LAD increases. Simultaneously, the times of high amplitude discharge (HAD) gradually increase at each stage of creepage discharge with higher temperature. The analysis indicates that the charge carriers easily accumulate and quickly migrate directional movement along the electric field ahead of discharging. The residual charge carriers are more easily dissipated after discharging. The ‘hump’ region of LAD moves to the direction of higher discharge magnitude. The interval time between two continuous discharges is shortened obviously. The concentration of HAD accelerates the development of OIP insulation creepage discharge. The temperature had an accelerating effect on the development of discharge in the OIP under applying voltage.     

Low voltage operating organic light emitting transistors with efficient charge blocking layer

Charge injection/blocking layers play important roles in the performances of organic electronic devices. Their incorporation into organic light emitting transistors has been limitted, due to generally high operating voltages (above 60 V) of these devices. In this work, two hole blocking molecules are integrated into tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq₃) based light emitting transistors under operating voltage as low as 5 V. The effects of hole blocking and electron injection are decoupled through the differences in the energy levels. Significantly improved optical performance is achieved with the molecule of suitable energy level for electron injection. Surprisingly, a decreased performance is observed in the case of another hole blocking molecule evidencing that charge injection overweighs charge blocking in this device architecture.